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Hi, I'm Talia from the IUCN Center for

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Mediterranean Cooperation. Welcome to

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this new video series, training webinars

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on ecological wet restoration produced

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by the IUCN Center for Mediterranean

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Cooperation. The webinars in this series

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build materials by Wetland based

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Solutions, a project funded by MAVA. The

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updated collection addresses members of

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the Mediterranean Alliance for wetlands

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as a learning resource to strengthen

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their technical capacities on wetland

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restoration.

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The webinars deliver an in-depth overview

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of key aspects of ecological restoration

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in Mediterranean wetlands. Learning

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contents include principles and

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objectives of wetland restoration,

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general criteria on wetland restoration

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and how to plan and intervene,

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monitoring success in wetland

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restoration and practical case studies

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from across the Mediterranean. Please

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enjoy our video series training webinars

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on ecological wetland restoration.

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So, hello, I'm Corrado Battisti.

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I will briefly talk about monitoring

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of birds in wetlands, in

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particular monitoring of the

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birds in areas where we have made

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some projects, okay? some projects of

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environmental restoration, for example, or

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any other project that requires

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monitoring.

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But let's see for a moment what it is

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monitoring. So, monitoring is

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the verification of a change,

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of a system, of an ecosystem in the

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direction

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which we considered to be the one

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better, so towards a goal. Ok?

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So the question we ask ourselves is

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that monitoring is being done and we have

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have we achieved our goals?

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So, know that monitoring is

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the final part the final part of a

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project, so there is a cycle of

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project, we have a problem,

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let's analyze the situation, let's analyze

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so the context, let's define and

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we plan actions after having

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identified, defined objectives.

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At this point, once assigned

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resources, therefore budget, means,

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materials, personnel, men, etc.,

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at this point the project is implemented,

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that is, actions are done and carried out.

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Once the actions have been carried out we have

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need to monitor outputs. The

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outputs are the first-order results,

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first-order, that is, we monitor whether

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we have actually achieved

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those actions. The question is: have we

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carried out those actions? Well, then

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we will monitor our

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actions. Outputs are defined as

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first level results, that is us

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we monitor

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the results of our actions.

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It actually happened because we realize

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these actions? Why do we want

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achieve goals on the

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biodiversity. If we have achieved

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a pond, we would definitely like

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increase, for example, the number of

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waterfowl, both species and

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individuals. So the outcomes are the

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second level results, second level

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order, that is, we have

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actually increased the number of

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birds after having made our

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actions?

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It is important to distinguish results from

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first level from second level results

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level. Why is this? Because we

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we might have even made some

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actions,

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but not having gotten what there is

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we were set, that is, we do not have

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achieved the objectives on

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biodiversity, on an increase of

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biodiversity. Okay? So the

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monitoring is the final stage of a

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series of project steps.

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Very good, I achieved my goals,

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or rather my goals. So, how

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I was saying before, the first results

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level, the outputs, are linked to the

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actions, to the effectiveness of my actions.

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I actually placed some

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fences to prevent nests from

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pler birds, therefore of bird species

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linked to certain environments were

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trampled. If we have realized

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these fences, these these actions,

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we can say that we have achieved the

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first-rate results. But the

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The question is: have we achieved this?

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an effectiveness

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of our project on these birds,

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or after having created the fences,

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the birds have increased the

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reproductive success, breeding success,

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because we might have realized the

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fences, but we may not have

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obtained the outcomes, that is, the

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second level results. Okay? I

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second level results are linked

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to biodiversity objectives.

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So here's the first important thing

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is to define the objectives. The objectives

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there is a statement, there is a

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sentence, one sentence, one eh

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articulated

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in which various are identified

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things. First thing, what do I want to do?

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Increase. Perfect. What? My

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target, so my indicators

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organic. Very well, then I have to

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define which? density and richness of

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species of water birds, for example

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in this case wintering ducks. So

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my goal is to increase density

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and the richness of bird species

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wintering aquatics. Then I have to define

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a percentage that is clearly

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achievable, must be the goal

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smart, it's called smart, that is specific,

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measurable,

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attainable or achievable, reachable,

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ok? time-bound and realistic, so

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we have to define a percentage

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that it is actually achievable. And

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then you see that the third point is

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how much of the 50% can I define.

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Of course I also have to say by when

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and where. Here is a typical one

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goal statement, the statement of

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a goal. Increase by 50% of the

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species, density richness of waterfalls

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wintering in restored wetlands, in

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particular the torre flavia wetland

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by June 204.

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Ok, this is important to define

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once obviously to test

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the effectiveness of the project and for

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verify that the objectives have been

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achieved, I have to do, realize,

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carry out data sampling in the field

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sampling before the project and project.

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You see, in the first phase I mh

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I quantify, I collect data before the

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project, then I will collect data afterwards

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after the

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You see, this is an example. This

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dashed, the dotted line, indicates the

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project. Here I realized the project.

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This is before, the before phase, and

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This is the after phase. Before density

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of low birds. I realize the project and

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you see I have waterfalls again

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wintering waterfalls, then the birds

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overwintering aquatic animals that increase. I have

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I was successful because I made a

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monitoring before, after, before the

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project and after the project of

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density of wintering waterfowl.

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I can also calculate other variables,

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for example the number of species, that is

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the species richness. And I can

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calculate before and after the number of

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species of waterfalls, so the

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wintering waterfowl,

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waterfall, before e. And you see that I the

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my eh goal was to increase the

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50% and I, as you can see, almost 100% in

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increase, so I was successful.

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Success is the word that indicates the

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achieving my outcomes, of

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my second level results. It goes

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Well?

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However, if possible, I am not alone

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I calculate, I quantify, I collect data

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before and after the project. You see,

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this is the field, it is being dug,

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flooded and then inundated. And I collected the

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before and after data on birds.

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I do both in the project site and it is

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good practice to take a site of

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control where it is not carried out

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project. Do you see? before, after, the

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same. The same situation because I don't have

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the project was carried out to verify

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that my increase in number of

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individuals and species both actually

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tied to the project. Imagine if I

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can finally observe, imagine

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that this case occurs that I

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before and after in the area where I have not

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I completed the project and got an increase

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of aquatic birds. Probably the

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my project flooded the area, but not

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It depends on my action whether

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let the birds increase,

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rather it depends on factors

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aa wider scale, a spatial scale more

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wide which have led to an increase in

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birds both in the project area and

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in the area outside the project where not

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if anything was flooded. I hope I

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yes keep in mind that this is called

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experimental design samling design

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you kiss. Baci is for after control impact.

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before, after, in the impact area where

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I made the project and in the area of

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I check where I didn't realize the

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project. Only in this way can I verify that

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It was me with my project that

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reach my goal.

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So, but how can I get the

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data? To get the data you need

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a monitoring that uses methods

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standard, okay? The methods allow you to

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get data and the data allows you to

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answer the question: "I have achieved

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my goal? He had my

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project, was it successful?

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There are many different methods

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tell me and I will be very brief here,

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but the first thing I have to remember is

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my data, and I need to know and be

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aware, my data is

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reliable, trustworthy,

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um, that is, the data has been collected

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correctly,

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so I will have to be careful about how I use it

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of standard methods. I have to be careful

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to use standard methods, okay?

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Correct methods that will allow me to

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reach

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get information, okay? To reply

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the

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I have to replicate the samples

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several times in time and space. It goes

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good? The data then must represent the

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phenomenon. I worked in a

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ecosystem to do some projects.

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The entire ecosystem will have to be

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championship, not just a part,

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must be representative of everything

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the system and then I have to check the

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contactability of target species,

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or rather what is called

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detectability or cacciability,

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because some species are easily

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contactable and I collect

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the information.

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other species are very elusive and I

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I may underestimate

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their presence. Okay? And here,

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Let's see some very simple methods.

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Direct counting of direct counts and

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from direct counts I can get

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of abundance data, that is, I can

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count all the individuals of a certain

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species, all individuals of another

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species. Obviously this method is eh

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useful but limited to specific areas,

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so if the areas are small, small,

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I can count directly, better if

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00:13:37,199 --> 00:13:45,680
using photos or video cameras. Okay?

282
00:13:41,279 --> 00:13:49,320
Another method is territory mapping or

283
00:13:45,680 --> 00:13:52,839
mapping method. This method is valid

284
00:13:49,320 --> 00:13:55,920
for the birds eh singing, or

285
00:13:52,839 --> 00:14:00,560
territorial singers who have homes

286
00:13:55,920 --> 00:14:04,639
range, so I can quantify

287
00:14:00,560 --> 00:14:07,120
males enchant in a certain area

288
00:14:04,639 --> 00:14:10,560
and I can get the density of males

289
00:14:07,120 --> 00:14:13,680
I'm enchanted. I can get this data.

290
00:14:10,560 --> 00:14:17,040
first, then I realize the project and

291
00:14:13,680 --> 00:14:19,320
after. My goal is to increase

292
00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:22,600
of 50%

293
00:14:19,320 --> 00:14:25,920
the density of singing males in a

294
00:14:22,600 --> 00:14:30,320
zone a in a certain area within a certain time

295
00:14:25,920 --> 00:14:32,839
t. I do a before mapping method and

296
00:14:30,320 --> 00:14:36,279
after the mapping method. It is a method

297
00:14:32,839 --> 00:14:39,120
very simple, about clearly it must

298
00:14:36,279 --> 00:14:43,199
be focused on very specific areas

299
00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:46,440
small, about 10 airs. They are searched

300
00:14:43,199 --> 00:14:49,120
and beats all the areas precisely

301
00:14:46,440 --> 00:14:51,240
within this sector. It is not

302
00:14:49,120 --> 00:14:54,839
This method is suitable for this species

303
00:14:51,240 --> 00:14:57,040
colonial gregarious, for the species that

304
00:14:54,839 --> 00:14:59,079
They have no territories. This is valid.

305
00:14:57,040 --> 00:15:01,360
only for the species that are

306
00:14:59,079 --> 00:15:04,320
territorial, which through singing

307
00:15:01,360 --> 00:15:08,160
They delimit territories. They generally do this

308
00:15:04,320 --> 00:15:11,240
10 surveys, therefore 10 visits in the same one

309
00:15:08,160 --> 00:15:14,959
area and through this method it is

310
00:15:11,240 --> 00:15:18,639
they can get many different data,

311
00:15:14,959 --> 00:15:21,440
density data, frequency data and many more

312
00:15:18,639 --> 00:15:25,360
diversity indices, developing the first

313
00:15:21,440 --> 00:15:29,160
data. A third method, there, you see?

314
00:15:25,360 --> 00:15:33,279
This is the data that is reported

315
00:15:29,160 --> 00:15:36,880
on a map and indicate territories,

316
00:15:33,279 --> 00:15:40,560
do you see? Territories and home ranges

317
00:15:36,880 --> 00:15:43,360
different for different species.

318
00:15:40,560 --> 00:15:46,399
This is a typical matrix that is

319
00:15:43,360 --> 00:15:49,279
outside the analysis of the with carried out

320
00:15:46,399 --> 00:15:52,880
with the mapping method. Here is a

321
00:15:49,279 --> 00:15:55,440
list of species, here is the density,

322
00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:58,920
or the number of territories on

323
00:15:55,440 --> 00:16:01,560
surface area of each species. This is

324
00:15:58,920 --> 00:16:04,000
the frequency of each species on the

325
00:16:01,560 --> 00:16:06,800
total and so on. You can get

326
00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:09,800
lots of information, for example biomass,

327
00:16:06,800 --> 00:16:12,440
but above all indicators of diversity.

328
00:16:09,800 --> 00:16:17,240
should not be underestimated because they are

329
00:16:12,440 --> 00:16:19,759
useful opportunities to analyze before,

330
00:16:17,240 --> 00:16:21,720
after the effectiveness of mine

331
00:16:19,759 --> 00:16:23,639
project, the effectiveness of my project.

332
00:16:21,720 --> 00:16:27,199
Then we can get many tables

333
00:16:23,639 --> 00:16:30,279
synthetic and so on.

334
00:16:27,199 --> 00:16:34,399
Another method is the line.

335
00:16:30,279 --> 00:16:38,680
Through the line I can get data

336
00:16:34,399 --> 00:16:42,319
different along a linear path. I

337
00:16:38,680 --> 00:16:46,120
contact all individuals of all

338
00:16:42,319 --> 00:16:49,000
species that I can observe, but

339
00:16:46,120 --> 00:16:52,360
I can also hear and obviously also

340
00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:54,440
in this case I can eh get some

341
00:16:52,360 --> 00:16:56,920
indexes

342
00:16:54,440 --> 00:16:59,160
of density, so first the abundance,

343
00:16:56,920 --> 00:17:01,920
then the density, then the frequency and so on

344
00:16:59,160 --> 00:17:05,199
via. it's a very simple method, but it can

345
00:17:01,920 --> 00:17:08,240
be carried out above all and only in

346
00:17:05,199 --> 00:17:11,079
homogeneous environments, not in environments

347
00:17:08,240 --> 00:17:14,400
heterogeneous, because otherwise it would go

348
00:17:11,079 --> 00:17:17,319
layered the information.

349
00:17:14,400 --> 00:17:20,559
Another very simple method, very

350
00:17:17,319 --> 00:17:23,679
which allows you to obtain a lot of data is the

351
00:17:20,559 --> 00:17:27,839
listening station method or method

352
00:17:23,679 --> 00:17:31,760
of the point count. The count method

353
00:17:27,839 --> 00:17:35,520
allows you to obtain information

354
00:17:31,760 --> 00:17:37,480
on individuals of birds

355
00:17:35,520 --> 00:17:41,559
and also of species, therefore number of

356
00:17:37,480 --> 00:17:44,320
especially for point for many points.

357
00:17:41,559 --> 00:17:47,440
The important thing is that each point maintains

358
00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:49,120
a defined radius of its own, so I can

359
00:17:47,440 --> 00:17:50,640
contact individuals only

360
00:17:49,120 --> 00:17:54,840
within

361
00:17:50,640 --> 00:17:57,320
of the circle of defined radius and

362
00:17:54,840 --> 00:17:59,600
clearly within a time

363
00:17:57,320 --> 00:18:02,559
fixed. Typically this time ranges from

364
00:17:59,600 --> 00:18:06,720
5 to 10 minutes. Distance and radius

365
00:18:02,559 --> 00:18:09,880
of action can vary from 25 to 50 ma

366
00:18:06,720 --> 00:18:12,159
depending on the shielding of the environment.

367
00:18:09,880 --> 00:18:15,919
In very open environments I can

368
00:18:12,159 --> 00:18:19,320
to arrive at aa to define a radius

369
00:18:15,919 --> 00:18:21,600
that reaches 100 m away. In

370
00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:25,280
genre, you see, it is necessary to replicate

371
00:18:21,600 --> 00:18:28,200
the sessions and it is indicated

372
00:18:25,280 --> 00:18:30,200
especially for small birds, for

373
00:18:28,200 --> 00:18:32,760
small birds.

374
00:18:30,200 --> 00:18:34,720
You see that two sessions are held in

375
00:18:32,760 --> 00:18:38,880
early spring and late spring and is

376
00:18:34,720 --> 00:18:40,840
mostly focused on birds

377
00:18:38,880 --> 00:18:45,120
territorial, even the points method

378
00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:47,520
listening because it is also based on singing

379
00:18:45,120 --> 00:18:49,440
and in spring the birds therefore no

380
00:18:47,520 --> 00:18:51,880
they sing. So and that's the the

381
00:18:49,440 --> 00:18:53,559
most suitable period. Then there are many

382
00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:56,120
other methods, namely the method of

383
00:18:53,559 --> 00:18:58,080
marking and recapture, for example,

384
00:18:56,120 --> 00:19:02,360
through the ringing, no, of the

385
00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:05,280
ringing station, eh we can capture,

386
00:19:02,360 --> 00:19:09,400
mark and then release them and they will come

387
00:19:05,280 --> 00:19:11,480
then many birds were recaptured again.

388
00:19:09,400 --> 00:19:14,679
This is a very useful method, only that

389
00:19:11,480 --> 00:19:19,039
It is mainly focused on the study

390
00:19:14,679 --> 00:19:22,640
of medium to long distance migrations.

391
00:19:19,039 --> 00:19:25,679
To monitor the effects of the

392
00:19:22,640 --> 00:19:28,520
changes brought about by our project,

393
00:19:25,679 --> 00:19:30,679
This method is not very useful. Then there

394
00:19:28,520 --> 00:19:33,440
there are many others, for example the

395
00:19:30,679 --> 00:19:35,520
phototrapping, the use of drones and so on.

396
00:19:33,440 --> 00:19:38,720
One very important thing to say is that

397
00:19:35,520 --> 00:19:41,600
clearly the analyses are necessary

398
00:19:38,720 --> 00:19:44,400
statistics and there are many handbooks,

399
00:19:41,600 --> 00:19:47,000
many manuals that help you understand

400
00:19:44,400 --> 00:19:49,440
what kind of data do we have and how do we use it?

401
00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:52,240
how to then analyze them through tests

402
00:19:49,440 --> 00:19:56,640
specific.

403
00:19:52,240 --> 00:19:59,400
However, it is important to remember that not

404
00:19:56,640 --> 00:20:03,559
we may also not monitor

405
00:19:59,400 --> 00:20:07,799
only biological indicators, therefore

406
00:20:03,559 --> 00:20:10,000
birds. We can also monitor

407
00:20:07,799 --> 00:20:14,360
um

408
00:20:10,000 --> 00:20:17,400
impact or pressure processes.

409
00:20:14,360 --> 00:20:22,080
So we can also work on

410
00:20:17,400 --> 00:20:24,640
threatening events. And on this is a

411
00:20:22,080 --> 00:20:26,440
very broad topic. I suggest you

412
00:20:24,640 --> 00:20:29,919
to study, to delve deeper into the part

413
00:20:26,440 --> 00:20:33,240
of the dips approach that allows you to

414
00:20:29,919 --> 00:20:36,520
identify monitoring indicators

415
00:20:33,240 --> 00:20:41,559
which are of pressure, of

416
00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:44,159
state state, impact impact and impact

417
00:20:41,559 --> 00:20:46,679
response response. It is a scope

418
00:20:44,159 --> 00:20:48,200
very important that requires

419
00:20:46,679 --> 00:20:51,440
in-depth analysis.

420
00:20:48,200 --> 00:20:53,280
I suggest this to you because

421
00:20:51,440 --> 00:20:56,400
I emphasize the fact that we can

422
00:20:53,280 --> 00:20:58,240
monitor not only indicators

423
00:20:56,400 --> 00:21:01,960
organic, but also for example

424
00:20:58,240 --> 00:21:04,280
chemical or physical processes that are, for example

425
00:21:01,960 --> 00:21:08,640
example, definable by indicators of

426
00:21:04,280 --> 00:21:12,640
pressure. Is that okay? For example, if I

427
00:21:08,640 --> 00:21:14,960
I want to protect waterfall nests and

428
00:21:12,640 --> 00:21:18,720
individual that one of the threats is the

429
00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:21,279
trampling, I can also monitor the

430
00:21:18,720 --> 00:21:24,080
trampling through indicators

431
00:21:21,279 --> 00:21:26,960
rampling, right? By people. So, me

432
00:21:24,080 --> 00:21:30,039
I can monitor the indicator of

433
00:21:26,960 --> 00:21:32,880
trampling, in this case it is number of

434
00:21:30,039 --> 00:21:38,320
people trampling

435
00:21:32,880 --> 00:21:40,200
the brinig area eh on times in one

436
00:21:38,320 --> 00:21:42,919
defined space. So I can

437
00:21:40,200 --> 00:21:44,919
locate a pressure gauge and

438
00:21:42,919 --> 00:21:46,520
if my project goal is

439
00:21:44,919 --> 00:21:50,320
reduce

440
00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:52,720
20% of people trampling, I can

441
00:21:50,320 --> 00:21:55,200
work on this, on the indicators of

442
00:21:52,720 --> 00:21:57,880
pressure, not only on

443
00:21:55,200 --> 00:22:01,080
biological indicators. It is a very topic

444
00:21:57,880 --> 00:22:03,760
in-depth, I recommend it to you.

445
00:22:01,080 --> 00:22:05,640
Sometimes we may not have data

446
00:22:03,760 --> 00:22:07,720
analytical on the field, we cannot

447
00:22:05,640 --> 00:22:09,799
we may not get them either because we don't

448
00:22:07,720 --> 00:22:13,480
we have time, both because we do not have

449
00:22:09,799 --> 00:22:16,320
budget and so if we don't have time and

450
00:22:13,480 --> 00:22:18,120
other other resources to collect

451
00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:21,640
this type of information, we

452
00:22:18,120 --> 00:22:24,000
we can also use expert methods.

453
00:22:21,640 --> 00:22:27,000
expert methods are instead based

454
00:22:24,000 --> 00:22:30,520
on the experience of a group of experts,

455
00:22:27,000 --> 00:22:34,640
on the exerise of a group of experts who

456
00:22:30,520 --> 00:22:38,919
assigns some barks, some pronunciations to

457
00:22:34,640 --> 00:22:40,919
specific specific aspects of the of the

458
00:22:38,919 --> 00:22:43,480
threatening events. This is a topic

459
00:22:40,919 --> 00:22:46,720
very large, but also know that we

460
00:22:43,480 --> 00:22:49,960
we can not only collect data

461
00:22:46,720 --> 00:22:52,200
in the field, but also collect data from

462
00:22:49,960 --> 00:22:55,520
a group of experts. These are the

463
00:22:52,200 --> 00:22:58,640
basic expert methods.

464
00:22:55,520 --> 00:23:02,440
By the way, there are many expert methods

465
00:22:58,640 --> 00:23:04,919
and three analysis is a sector that

466
00:23:02,440 --> 00:23:06,679
eh it includes many. I advise you to

467
00:23:04,919 --> 00:23:09,559
to study, to delve deeper into the thread

468
00:23:06,679 --> 00:23:12,240
reduction assessment. Through the

469
00:23:09,559 --> 00:23:13,760
thread reduction assessment we can

470
00:23:12,240 --> 00:23:17,799
monitor

471
00:23:13,760 --> 00:23:21,640
before and after if we have decremented,

472
00:23:17,799 --> 00:23:24,240
reduced threats in an area where we

473
00:23:21,640 --> 00:23:26,679
we made a project. If one

474
00:23:24,240 --> 00:23:30,840
of the problems was water stress, the

475
00:23:26,679 --> 00:23:34,559
water stress or trampling by people or dog

476
00:23:30,840 --> 00:23:36,159
feral dog or other threats, I can

477
00:23:34,559 --> 00:23:38,559
monitor

478
00:23:36,159 --> 00:23:42,440
before and after.

479
00:23:38,559 --> 00:23:46,919
people tramping, dog eh

480
00:23:42,440 --> 00:23:50,200
or the water stress before and. If I

481
00:23:46,919 --> 00:23:52,240
I get a decrease, I have reached

482
00:23:50,200 --> 00:23:55,159
my goal. Obviously in that

483
00:23:52,240 --> 00:23:58,480
case the goal was reduction of

484
00:23:55,159 --> 00:24:02,080
people trample, reduction of feral dove

485
00:23:58,480 --> 00:24:04,679
or reduction of empty stress and

486
00:24:02,080 --> 00:24:07,159
so I quantify through a

487
00:24:04,679 --> 00:24:10,279
expert method and scores of the

488
00:24:07,159 --> 00:24:13,240
score before and after the value of the

489
00:24:10,279 --> 00:24:17,960
threats. It is a very in-depth topic and

490
00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:20,679
very new introduced by UCN,

491
00:24:17,960 --> 00:24:22,480
from the World Conservation Union and I will

492
00:24:20,679 --> 00:24:25,320
I suggest it, I suggest you for

493
00:24:22,480 --> 00:24:28,159
further information on this book

494
00:24:25,320 --> 00:24:30,840
we made it together with a group

495
00:24:28,159 --> 00:24:35,240
which talks specifically about threat analysis and

496
00:24:30,840 --> 00:24:39,679
of how to monitor threats in websites

497
00:24:35,240 --> 00:24:42,520
project before and after.

498
00:24:39,679 --> 00:24:44,200
It's finished. Now I suggest you many

499
00:24:42,520 --> 00:24:47,039
books. Obviously there are many

500
00:24:44,200 --> 00:24:49,120
handbooks for field guides, for

501
00:24:47,039 --> 00:24:52,159
collect field data, for

502
00:24:49,120 --> 00:24:55,600
obviously recognize the birds.

503
00:24:52,159 --> 00:24:57,799
There are many different books. This Bird

504
00:24:55,600 --> 00:25:00,120
Census Technics is a typical, it is

505
00:24:57,799 --> 00:25:03,760
very important among seminal books,

506
00:25:00,120 --> 00:25:06,039
handbooks, books by Bibietal,

507
00:25:03,760 --> 00:25:08,880
which includes many techniques. Also

508
00:25:06,039 --> 00:25:12,440
I suggest this to you ecological Census

509
00:25:08,880 --> 00:25:14,919
Technics and then not to be overlooked the

510
00:25:12,440 --> 00:25:17,880
Magurran's book, this one here,

511
00:25:14,919 --> 00:25:21,679
Missourian Biological Diversity, which

512
00:25:17,880 --> 00:25:24,279
it deals with many biodiversity indices,

513
00:25:21,679 --> 00:25:27,320
of diversity, which is an important

514
00:25:24,279 --> 00:25:30,279
sector that we should all go to

515
00:25:27,320 --> 00:25:33,360
discover and use.

516
00:25:30,279 --> 00:25:35,440
I thank you for all the further information

517
00:25:33,360 --> 00:25:38,440
information. You can also write to me at

518
00:25:35,440 --> 00:25:41,440
This address. Is that okay? Best regards.

519
00:25:38,440 --> 00:25:41,440
Bye